Purpose, Function
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating movement of the piston to a rotational movement via the connecting rod.
The main bearing forms an oil film on the outer surface of the crankshaft journal to prevent wear due to sliding.
Construction
Crankshaft
The crankshaft is installed to the inside (crankcase) of the cylinder block.

The crankshaft has a key groove to match timing to the crankshaft pulley.
The crankshaft has the following parts shown in the figure.

The optimized shaft diameter ratio of the crankshaft journal and crank pin has reduced sliding resistance while maintaining rigidity.
The steel crankshaft has five bearings and eight counterweights for improved accuracy in the rotational balance.
The crankshaft journal and crank pin have been induction hardened* to bear high loads.
The crankshaft has an oil passage for supplying engine oil to the crankshaft journal and crank pin.

Main bearing
The main bearing is installed to the outer surface of the crankshaft journal.
The upper main bearing and lower main bearing are made of aluminum alloy.
The upper main bearing has an oil groove and oil hole.
Thrust force is suppressed by the thrust bearings on both sides of the No.3 journal.

Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
Motor MountsCenter-Rear Position Seat Belt
Before using the center-rear lap/shoulder belt make sure tongue (A) and anchor
buckle (B) are fastened.
Fastening the Seat Belt
1. Grasp the seat belt tongue (C).
2. Slowly pull out the lap/shoulder belt.
3. Insert the seat belt tongue (C) into the seat belt buckle (D) until you hear
a cli ...
Hydraulic Lash Adjuster (Hla) Removal/Installation
WARNING:
A hot engine can cause severe burns. Turn off the engine and wait until it
is cool before servicing.
CAUTION:
If the camshaft is rotated with the timing chain removed and the piston at
the top dead center position, the valve may contact the piston and the engine ...
Engine Abbreviations
AAS
Active Adaptive Shift
ABS
Antilock Brake System
ABDC
After Bottom Dead Center
ACC
Accessories
AFS
Adaptive Front Lighting System
ALC
...